The White House released its updated Counterterrorism Strategy on May 6, a document that outlines the priorities and approach of the administration to national security threats. Highlighting “foreign narcoterrorists,” Islamic extremists, and violent left-wing extremists and“radically pro-transgender, and anarchist(s),” the document specifically excluded any mention of far-right and racially motivated violence as a threat, which the FBI has repeatedly called the leading domestic threat.
Less than two weeks later, on May 18, two teenage neo-Nazis murdered three people at the Islamic Center of San Diego. The attack ended after both the perpetrators died in a murder-suicide. The pair left behind livestreamed footage of their final act and a 75-page manifesto laden with hateful, neo-Nazi beliefs and anti-Muslim and anti-immigrant rhetoric that parroted rhetoric espoused by far-right political leaders.
Titled “The New Crusade,” the manifesto by the killers, Caleb Vazquez and Cain Clark, extols the pair’s hatred for non-Christian religious groups, particularly Muslims and Jews; members of the LGBTQ+ community; extreme misogyny; and a disdain for people who are not of European descent. The text links their violent act to a neo-Nazi ideological strain called “militant accelerationism” and past attackers such as Brenton Tarrant, who murdered 51 Muslims at two Christchurch, New Zealand, mosques in 2019.
Since the attack in San Diego, the footage of the assault has been shared widely across mainstream social media platforms like X, as well as extremist channels and chat rooms on encrypted applications like Telegram, popular with extremist communities. Tech companies have failed to mitigate the spread of videos that include the final moments of the perpetrators’ lives, their shooting and killing their victims, bloody bodies, and ultimately their own deaths.
This attack is another in a cycle in which perpetrators make deliberate efforts to have their livestreamed attacks disseminated through mainstream social media sites as well as extremist platforms, and then preserved on fringe sites dedicated to sharing gore and attack footage.
The manifesto they left behind details Clark and Vazquez’s motivations for the killings, showing how increasingly common anti-immigrant and Islamophobic rhetoric, as well as neo-Nazi and fringe, far-right ideologies, contributed to these senseless murders.
Mainstream Conspiracy Theories in the Manifesto
This manifesto cannot be viewed solely through the lens of fringe conspiracies or internet references to white supremacist concepts. While the document is full of this type of content, it also frequently echoes rhetoric that has shifted from the fringes to the mainstream far right.
In recent years, far-right politicians have repeatedly parroted extremist rhetoric about the replacement of white people, an invasion of immigrants, and frame Islam as a threat to American society. Though these statements rarely explicitly call for violence, labelling a people as invaders or an existential threat to society can be an implicit call to action.
Both Vazquez and Clark’s sections of the manifesto make assertions that there is a large “invasion” of immigrants happening in the United States, that they are here to take “American jobs” and “bring cultural and societal decay.”
Cain specifically writes that Muslims are a “pest” that must be “exterminated.” Similar language was used by Donald Trump during his 2024 campaign, when he said immigrants were “poisoning the blood of our country,” repeatedly referring to immigrants as “animals.”
In the weeks leading up to the shooting, official government accounts, including those for the Department of State and the official White House account referenced “remigration,” a white supremacist policy concept that calls for the forced removal of all immigrants, refugees, and their descendants based on race, ethnicity, culture, being perceived as “non-white” or a failure to “assimilate.” These posts also mention the United Nations (UN’s) focus on “replacement migration.” In 2000, the UN published a report on Replacement Migration, which has long been used by extremists to justify and reinforce the “Great Replacement” conspiracy theory. Cain references this UN publication under the “Important Books” heading of his section. In addition to the explicit reference, both attackers refer to the failures of certain immigrants to accept “Western morals and values” and accuse immigrants of bringing violence to “our…WHITE country.”
In a section about Islam, Vazquez refers to “Muslim invaders” creating “tight-knit communities” where white people will not be allowed and “Sharia law” imposed. He then claims that this is already happening in Texas. It appears Vazquez is referring to the East Plano Islamic Center, also known as EPIC, which announced a planned residential development project named EPIC City, designed to be an Islamic-centered intentional community. Other intentional communities, including religiously-centered ones, exist all over the United States. After the announcement, conservative politicians in Texas and commentators spread claims that the community would be a haven for “radical Islam” and would implement “Sharia law.”
The hysteria over EPIC City was amplified by Islamophobic influencer and founder of the RAIR (Rise, Align, Ignite, Reclaim) Foundation, Amy Mecklenberg, known online as Amy Mek. Mek wrote an article that claimed there was a Sharia law invasion of the United States and the EPIC compound would be discriminatory toward other faiths. Mek’s claims were reposted by the Texas governor in February 2025.
Texas then passed a law banning “Sharia Compounds” within the state specifically targeting the EPIC community. Members of Congress introduced legislation in 2025 to bar entry to any individual who adheres to “Sharia law” into the United States, and a newly created “Sharia-Free America Caucus” in the U.S. House of Representatives gained over 60 members in just four months.
In the manifesto, Vazquez writes, “The religion of Islam is in every way incompatible and hostile to Western countries. It is completely contradictory to both Western morals and values and Christianity which has dictated many of our societies whether you agree with it or not.”
The organizational description of the congressional “Sharia-Free America Caucus” states that the purpose of the group is “asserting that Sharia is incompatible with the U.S. Constitution and Western values.”
In the same section, Vazquez references the “Somalis in Minnesota,” whom he claims are “scam[ming] the government for millions and millions of dollars out of the American taxpayer’s pocket.” These claims likely stem from the conservative uproar in late 2025 after online influencer Nick Shirley posted a viral video that baselessly claimed there was widespread fraud being committed by Somalis in Minneapolis. The video was reposted by both Vice President JD Vance and Elon Musk and was used to justify the surge of Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers into Minneapolis.
This all happened even though the daycare centers were investigated by the Minnesota Department of Children, Youth, and Families, which found that they were operating “as expected.” Regardless, the Somali community in Minnesota became the target of harassment and threats. Just two days before the shooting, the White House launched the ‘Task Force to Eliminate Fraud,’ headed by Vance. The official announcement for the task force cited the same debunked claims about Somali daycare fraud that had been repeated by the mainstream conservative right for months.
When there is little distinction between the language coming from a neo-Nazi online forum and the official social media accounts of the White House, there is no meaningful barrier between the fringe and the mainstream. The language of invasion, extermination, and civilizational threat does not become any less dangerous when it goes from a fringe forum to the floor of Congress or the official accounts of the White House. The culpability of mainstream politicians and the Trump Administration in these cases cannot be avoided. Vazquez and Cain did not act in isolation; their actions were the result of their most extreme beliefs being confirmed by the most powerful voices in the country.
Incel Ideology and Grievance Politics
Vazquez and Clark, the former identifying as an “incel” (“involuntary celibate”), both refer to personal grievances with women as justifications for violence. The incel movement, which has grown in popularity by way of online spaces, such as video and livestreaming platforms like YouTube and Kick, purports that men are entitled to sex and that women purposefully deprive them of it.
Vazquez describes himself as being “quite involved in the online incel culture,” self-identifies as a misogynist, and holds “a lot of hatred in [his] heart for the female population.” Pursuant to his beliefs, he dedicates an entire section of the manifesto to “Foids and the Incel Experience.” “Foids” is short for “Femoid,” which is short for “Female humanoid organism,” a highly derogatory and dehumanizing misogynistic term that originated online. Clark does not claim to be an incel but quotes Elliot Rodger in a sub-section of the manifesto called “Modern Feminism and the Problems with Women.” Rodger, the perpetrator of the murder of six students that largely targeted women in Isla Vista in 2014, is seen as an inspiration to incels.
Rodger’s attack was described in the manifesto as “righteous.”
Vazquez claims that women, second only to Jews, are causing “all the problems in the world.” He blames his hatred for women on larger systemic and cultural grievances commonly echoed by the far right, such as “modern feminism, western liberalism, LGBT being propelled into the mainstream, normalization of abortions” and “brown immigrants.” Both perpetrators conclude that violence is necessary as a “solution” to their issues with women. Vazquez says women “deserve to be six feet under,” calling for readers to “show them that incel hatred,” and Clark calls to “destroy our current societal system.”
Both perpetrators also invoke the “incel saints,” who are individuals who have committed acts of violence targeting women, as heroes. Incels have at times advocated for rape and other forms of violence against women, including several mass murderers, citing their hatred for women as justification for their crimes. Both list other killers who targeted women as heroes and inspirations, such as the 2018 Toronto, Canada, van attacker (who murdered nine woman and two men and injured 15 others), and the perpetrator of the 1989 École Polytechnique massacre in Montreal, Canada (who murdered 14 women and injured another 14 men and women).
The “Great Replacement” Conspiracy Theory
Vazquez’s section of the manifesto demonstrates a clear belief in white supremacy, stating “no race is equal to ours.” Further, the belief that white populations are being intentionally “replaced” appears central to the ideological justification for violence. This belief, which is rooted in the white supremacist “Great Replacement” conspiracy theory, has served as the impetus for several acts of targeted mass violence at synagogues, mosques, Black communities, and large public gathering spaces, including in the United States, Canada, Germany, and New Zealand. Both perpetrators were clearly inspired by the conspiracy theory, drawing upon the manifestos of previous mass shooters who cited it, and describing immigrants as “invaders,” a comparison often used by politicians and influential far-right figures.
Both perpetrators specifically target Jews, a common trope among believers in the “Great Replacement” conspiracy theory, as responsible for the so-called “replacement” of white people. They allege Jews use “bioweapons,” described as Muslim and Black immigrants, to target white populations in the United States and Europe. Both claim that “subhuman” Muslims “assert dominance” in so-called white countries to “destroy” white people’s “values, race, and culture.” Vazquez describes the need for urgent and violent action because “the white race is dying and getting replaced by subhuman animals” because “the k**es hate us (white people).”
According to Clark, “replacement” warrants the perceived violent need to “cleanse our homes, once and for all.”
Vazquez describes the Christchurch shooter Tarrant as “obviously both our biggest inspiration,” alongside Payton Gendron, the 2022 Buffalo, New York mass shooter, who killed 10 people at a supermarket in a majority-Black neighborhood. Tarrant’s manifesto, titled “The Great Replacement,” was cited by both as central to their radicalization, with Vazquez calling it the “most important and imperative thing to read.” Both perpetrators list several other killers inspired by the “Great Replacement” conspiracy theory as inspirations, including John Earnest, who killed one person in April 2019 at the Chabad of Poway Synagogue in Poway, California; Patrick Crusius, who targeted Latinos and murdered 23 people at an El Paso, Texas, Walmart in August 2019; and Stephan Balliet, who failed to gain entry to a synagogue in Halle, Germany, with a series of homemade weapons before killing two at a different location in October 2019.
Accelerating the White Revolution
The perpetrators use their manifesto to overtly link Tarrant to the San Diego killings. In the text, Clark and Vazquez refer to themselves as “Sons of Tarrant,” citing him as one of their primary inspirations. They describe him as “our hero” and a “true revolutionary.”
“Saint Tarrant revolutionized and brought forth a new age of White Terror bringing us many more saints,” the section of the manifesto attributed to Vazquez reads.
“Saint” is a honorific given in violent neo-Nazi spaces to past white supremacist, mass casualty killers. The teen-aged killers state that they intend their attack to be a continuation of the violence Tarrant hoped to successfully inspire.
“We are proud and honored to be the next in the now long chain of his disciples and we hope to make him proud and honor his legacy,” Vazquez wrote. “To me, as I see it, he’s the greatest Saint of them all and has done the most, combining his creation of the livestreamed attack, his high score, how iconic his gear and weapons were with the writing on them, his amazing manifesto, him propelling eco-fascism and accelerationism into the mainstream.”
The San Diego manifesto also contains passages linking the perpetrators’ motivations and violent action to the ideology of militant accelerationism, a violent far-right belief system rooted in the idea that societal collapse is not only inevitable, but desirable and necessary for building a fascist ethnostate.
Its followers believe that this process can be sped up, or accelerated, through acts of violence that increase existing social divisions.
Vazquez explicitly ties their attacks to this ideology, writing that he believes “that accelerating towards the destruction of our current political system and towards an all-out race war for the purpose of a societal collapse is the only real way forward.”
Among sources of inspiration cited by Clark and Vazquez is the Atomwaffen Division, a neo-Nazi group linked to five murders that originally emerged on the fascist web forum Iron March, and the Terrorgram Collective, a group that grew from a network of individuals using the same name.
While Terrorgram, as a network, supported white supremacist killers, sharing information, footage, and the manifestos left behind by individual attackers like Tarrant and Anders Breivik, a Norwegian mass murderer who killed 77 people, including several teens, during a 2011 anti-Muslim attack, the Terrorgram Collective worked together to produce propaganda, calendars, audiobooks, and hundreds of social media channels designed to keep promoting and perpetuating attacks on behalf of white supremacy.
One of the books released by Terrorgram is named in Clark’s section of the manifesto, while Vazquez suggested that others read the “various writings of Terrorgram.”
The collective was successful in influencing individuals in Slovakia and Brazil to conduct attacks. Reporting found 35 crimes linked to Terrorgram, including bomb plots, stabbings, and shootings.
The San Diego killers list Atomwaffen and its founder, Brandon Russell, among the “heroes” of the accelerationist movement. A former member of the National Guard, Russell was jailed in 2017 after one of his three roommates, all members of the Atomwaffen Division, killed the other two. Russell was not involved in the murders, but a search of the shared home found bomb-making materials. He was released in June 2021, only to be arrested again in 2023 for a plot with his girlfriend, Sarah Beth Clendaniel, to carry out attacks on the Baltimore power grid. He was sentenced to 20 years for the plot in August 2025.
Vazquez refers to Russell by name in his section of the manifesto, calling him a “personal hero” while Clark includes him in a list of past attackers and modern fascist thinkers.
Both the perpetrators discuss their intent with the attack. Beyond the senseless killings, they intended to carry on the legacy left by white supremacist attackers who came before them, and hoped to inspire more.
“Who are or could be considered ‘Sons of Tarrant,’” the text asks, “well we are, all previous disciples of Tarrant and others who were inspired by him, and maybe one day, you too.”
Glossary:
Warning: the material described here includes offensive and sometimes disturbing references
This is a glossary of terms that appear within the manifesto left behind by the individuals responsible for the May 18 shooting deaths of three people at the Islamic Center San Diego. Cain Clark and Caleb Vazquez used a series of references that may not be widely familiar to white nationalist texts, past mass attackers, far-right online slang, and numerous deadly and racist white supremacist organizations.
To aid in understanding the themes and influences that shaped the senseless attack, as well as others, the Global Project Against Hate and Extremism has compiled this appendix to our analysis of the manifesto.
Symbols and Concepts:
(((they))): The echo symbol, which is a set of parentheses, is an antisemitic indicator used by extremists in the digital space to signal the names of Jewish people, Jewish organizations or those thought to be Jewish. “They” in this context, refers to Jews.
8Kun: An anonymous imageboard platform originally called 8chan. It is loosely moderated with an anonymous userbase. Popular among very online extremists, this message board is where the QAnon conspiracy originated.
13/50: White supremacist code for the false belief that Black people commit a disproportionate amount of crime in the United States. The “13” is a reference to the percentage of Black people in the U.S. population, while “50” is a reference to the alleged percentage of all murders committed by Black people.
14 Words: Coined by American neo-Nazi David Lane. It refers to this slogan, “We must secure the existence of our people and a future for white children.”
Accelerationist: A violent, far-right ideology rooted in the idea that societal collapse is not only inevitable, but desirable and necessary for building a fascist, white ethnostate. Its followers believe that this process can be sped up, or accelerated, through acts of violence that increase existing social divisions.
Agartha: A reference to a mythological kingdom, sometimes thought to be in the center of Earth, linked to Western esotericism (i.e., often mythical or spiritual beliefs known only by a small population). The use of Agartha online began in fringe neo-Nazi spaces before infiltrating the mainstream.
Celtic Cross: White supremacists of various stripes frequently display a version of the Celtic Cross. It consists of an encircled squared cross. It was appropriated by the Charlemagne Brigade (a French volunteer division of the Nazi SS) during WWII. The cross is of pagan origin and is also a traditional Christian symbol often associated with the Irish, thus the context of its usage is key to whether or not it is affiliated with extremism.
Chud: Acronym for “Cannibalistic Humanoid Underground Dweller,” originating from the 1984 film C.H.U.D, which has since become an online term describing someone who is either unattractive or unsuccessful in any given field. It is also used to describe people who hold far-right beliefs.
Day of The Rope: A term that originates from The Turner Diaries and refers to a part of the novel where race traitors and others are mass lynched.
Ecofascism: Ideology that combines environmentalism with far-right or fascist politics.
EndChan: An anonymous imageboard launched in 2016 as an alternative to other “chans” such as 4chan or 8chan.
Foid: Short for the term “femoid,” a pejorative used by incels against women. The term is now used in mainstream online culture.
Goatis: A social media influencer who promotes eating raw and rotten meat as an unproven means of improving health.
Goyim: The term “goyim” is a Hebrew word meaning “nations” or “Gentiles” and is used in Jewish contexts to refer to non-Jews. White supremacists have co-opted the term in a derogatory manner to indicate a contempt for people who are not Jewish.
Groyper: Drawn from one of the perpetrator’s online usernames, as stated in the manifesto. An online follower of the neo-Nazi influencer Nick Fuentes, and his America First movement.
“Hail the Saints”: Praise for previous mass shooters, specifically those perceived as martyrs, who are often referred to as “saints.”
Hyperborea: The mythical Aryan homeland populated by white people with blond hair and blue eyes — a blueprint for the racial profile revered by neo-Nazis. Often connected with Agartha in online culture.
Incel: The “incel” (“involuntary celibate”) movement purports that men are entitled to sex, and women purposefully deprive them of it. In extreme cases, incels advocate for rape and other forms of violence against women, and have been involved in several acts of targeted hate against women, including murder.
Incelcore: A genre of music popular amongst Incels.
Incel Saints: Incels who perpetrate attacks on women are often praised as “saints” whose actions should be emulated.
Invaders: A pejorative term, inspired by the white supremacist “Great Replacement” conspiracy theory, often referring to Muslims, Latinos, and Black people immigrating into European and North American countries.
Jewish Question (“JQ”): Term used by antisemites and white nationalists to imply that the existence of a Jewish population within their national territory is a “question” that needs resolving through violence or genocide.
Kolovrat: The Kolovrat (Коловрат) is a Slavic neo-Paganist symbol with Russian nationalist and neo-Nazi influences. The symbol consists of eight swastika-like arms moving in a circle, either clock-wise or counter-clockwise. In the 1990s, Russian nationalist, pan-Slavic, and neo-Nazi groups co-opted the symbol as an alternative to the swastika used by neo-Nazis.
Mymy Shoppenboer: Referencing “Mymy,” a character from a Dutch animation series that has become a meme within the imageboard Soyjak Party (also referred to as “the Sharty”) and the Soyjak violent attacker fandom (SAVF) subculture that emerged from the site.
Noctulian Freakybob: A character developed by online nihilistic violent extremist networks, Noctulian Freakybob is dark mascot developed using edited images of the cartoon character Sponge Bob Squarepants, as well as security camera footage of a 2010-era robbery where the perpetrator wore a Sponge Bob mask. Often attributed by online trolls and extremists to being the culprit behind fictitious and real life massacres, Freakybob is included into edited videos and images showing the character armed and surrounded by extremist imagery connected to occult belief systems like the Order of Nine Angles and its related subgroups.
Noticer: Someone who “notices” so-called Jewish influence on politics, media, and/or banking. Synonymous with the neo-Nazi concept of “naming the Jew,” in which Jews are blamed for various societal issues.
Nick Fuentes (NJF): Nicholas J. Fuentes, known as Nick Fuentes, is an antisemitic, Hitler-loving, racist, and misogynistic online commentator. He leads a group of online fans called “Groypers,” named after a variant of Pepe the Frog, a meme that has been co-opted by the far right in online spaces.
Ongezellig: A Dutch animation series that has become a meme within the imageboard Soyjak Party (also referred to as “the Sharty”) and the Soyjak violent attacker fandom (SAVF) subculture that emerged from the site.
Optics: How an individual, group, or movement’s “activism” is perceived by the public.
Sharty: An anonymous online imageboard created in 2020.
Shitskin: A pejorative against people with brown or black-colored skin.
Sonnenrad: The Sonnenrad (sunwheel) is a Nazi symbol known for being displayed after a renovation by Nazi SS leader Heinrich Himmler in a floor mosaic in Germany’s Wewelsburg Castle. It has a pagan origin and relates the number of months to the sun, very important elements in the Nazi mystical worldview. The symbol’s design consists of twelve radial sig runes, similar to the symbols employed by the SS in their logo. Modern far-right groups often refer to the symbol as the Black Sun or Sonnenrad.
Terrorgram: A network of neo-Nazi accelerationist channels localized on the encrypted application Telegram. The community emerged as a network of connected channels and group chats in the late 2010s that shared materials promoting violence in the name of white supremacy. They are also sometimes referred to as the “Terrorgram Collective” or the “Terrorgram Network.”
Third Positionist: A set of neo-fascist political ideologies that emerged after the Second World War describing a third “option” between communism and capitalism.
Volcel: Short for “voluntary celibate,” a subculture of the incel movement in which people choose not to engage in sexual or romantic relationships.
Vril: Meaning “life force,” often seen as a western counterpart to “chi.” In online culture, Vril is commonly associated with Agartha and Hyperborea.
Zarty: The nickname given to an anonymous online imageboard created in 2023. The subject matter often focuses on the Dutch animation series Ongezellig, which is a meme in the Soyjak Violent Attacker Fandom (SAVF) subculture, from which the Zarty emerged from.
ZOG: Shorthand for “Zionist Occupied Government,” an antisemitic belief that Jews secretly control the governments of countries in the West. This is one of the premier antisemitic conspiracy theories widely adhered to in neo-Nazi and white supremacist circles.
Books/Manifestos/Literature Mentioned:
The Great Replacement: Manifesto written by Brenton Tarrant, the 2019 Christchurch shooter. Inspired by his belief that white people are being replaced by Muslims in New Zealand, Tarrant targeted two mosques and murdered 51 people.
Harassment Architecture: A 2019 novella published by former Breitbart writer and neo-Nazi Mike Ma. The novella follows a racist insomniac who embarks on a campaign to destroy the world. The book is popular in far-right circles, particularly among members of the Terrorgram Collective. It was mentioned in the manifesto of Solomon Henderson, the 2025 Antioch High School attacker.
Industrial Society and It’s Future: Also known as the “Unabomber Manifesto,” it is a 35,000-word essay written by “Unabomber” Ted Kaczynski that argued that the Industrial Revolution started a harmful process of natural destruction brought about by technology. The essay was the basis for Kaczynski’s 1978-1995 mail bombing campaign. It is a popular document among Ecofacists.
The International Jew: A series of antisemitic articles published by Henry Ford between 1920 and 1922 in his newspaper, The Dearborn Independent. They were later compiled into a four-volume book of the same name. Its 1922 German translation was cited during The Nuremberg Trials by a high-ranking member of the Nazi Party as the book that made him antisemitic.
Mein Kampf: Or “My Struggle” in English, is a book written by Adolf Hitler in 1925 during his imprisonment following the failed Beer Hall Putsch in Munich in 1923. It outlines Hitler’s political ideology, his autobiography, and his vision for Germany’s future. Mein Kampf played a significant role in the development of Nazi ideology and the rise of Adolf Hitler, became a central text for the Nazi Party, and was used extensively in Nazi propaganda. The book begins with Hitler’s personal history, describing his early life, his experiences in Vienna, and his years as a struggling artist and soldier during World War I. It provides insight into his radicalization and political awakening. The book lays out Hitler’s extremist political beliefs, which include Aryan racial supremacy, antisemitism, and extreme nationalism. He articulates his hatred for Jews and other minority groups, blaming them for Germany’s problems.
Militant Accelerationism: A 136-page document published by the Terrorgram Collective that described “terror” as “the language of the unheard” and featured calls for terrorism alongside violent fantasies targeting minorities. The authors declared they were passing “the torch of terror” to their readers, “men of action.” The full title is “Militant Accelerationism: A Collective Handbook.”
The Protocols of Elder Zion: An antisemitic propaganda text written explicitly to portray Jewish people as secretly conspiring for world domination. The hoax was first published in the Russian Empire in 1903 and quickly spread to other countries, becoming one of the most influential antisemitic texts ever written. While the contents of the narrative were largely plagiarized from other sources, in far-right circles the text is viewed as “proof” for those believing in an “international Jewish conspiracy.” In both the Russian Empire, where anti-Jewish pogroms were commonplace, and Nazi Germany, the Protocols were used as a justification to discriminate against and commit violence against Jewish populations.
Siege: An extremist publication written by American neo-Nazi James Mason. Originally published in the 1980s and later republished in the early 1990s by the National Socialist Liberation Front, an offshoot of George Lincoln Rockwell’s American Nazi Party, Siege promotes a violent and radical form of white supremacy and fascism. Siege also advances the idea of accelerationism, which advocates for hastening the collapse of the existing social and political order through acts of violence and terrorism.
The Turner Diaries: A novel written by American neo-Nazi William Luther Pierce, who founded the National Alliance, under the pseudonym Andrew Macdonald. Published in 1978, the book depicts a violent and apocalyptic vision of a future marked by a white supremacist revolution and racial warfare. The narrative follows the protagonist, Earl Turner, as he becomes involved in a terrorist outfit called “The Organization” that seeks to overthrow the U.S. government and establish a white ethnostate. The novel is notorious for its explicit promotion of violence, terrorism, and hatred, as well as its advocacy for racial purity and the extermination of non-white races. The term “Day of the Rope” originates from the book and refers to a part of the novel where race traitors and others are mass lynched.
White Resistance Manual: A white supremacist handbook written by Axl Hess under his pseudonym Aquilifer and published online in the late 90s/early 2000s. The document serves as an instructional manual on how to make weapons and poison, conduct guerrilla warfare operations, and avoid criminal investigation.
Ideological Figures Listed As Inspirations:
Azov Battallion: Formerly known as the Azov Battalion and the Azov Regiment, the Azov Assault Brigade (Штурмова бригада «Азов») is a formation of the National Guard of Ukraine. Since its inception the group has had ties to racist, antisemitic, and neo-Nazi extremists both within Ukraine, in the National Corps, and the broader Azov movement and internationally.
Brandon Russell: Former leader of the neo-Nazi Atomwaffen Division, a proscribed terrorist organization in several countries.
Charles Manson: An American cult leader and criminal responsible for organizing a series of murders in 1969. After his incarceration, Manson became a prominent figure in the philosophy of James Mason, a neo-Nazi activist and writer who incorporated Manson’s concept of a “universal order” into his own writing.
George Lincoln Rockwell: American neo-Nazi who founded the American Nazi Party (ANP) in 1958.
James Mason: Neo-Nazi who authored Siege, which promotes a violent and radical form of white supremacy and fascism. Siege advocates for accelerationism, which works to hasten the collapse of the existing social and political order through acts of violence and terrorism.
Jonathan Bowden: Was a member of the far-right British National Party (BNP) and The New Right Committee, a pan-European ethnonationalist movement which was inspired by the French Nouvelle Droite (New Right).
Julius Evola: Italian fascist philosopher who had ties to Nazi Germany.
Klu Klux Klan: The Klan is America’s oldest domestic terrorist organization, founded originally after the American Civil War to terrorize former slaves. In its later eras, the Klan also targeted Jews, Catholics and immigrants, and was particularly violent during America’s Civil Rights Movement, when Klan members assaulted and murder Black people and protesters favoring equal rights.
Mike Ma: The pen name of Mike Mahoney, a former Breitbart editor and far-right influencer who ascribes to militant accelerationism, extreme misogyny, and racism.
National Socialist Movement (NSM): The National Socialist Movement is an American neo-Nazi group led for many years by Jeff Schoep, who recently left the movement. Members of the group were present at the Charlottesville, Va., “United the Right” racist riots in August 2017. NSM members wear traditional Nazi uniforms and engage in protests and flyering.
Oskar Dirlewanger: Commander of the Dirlewanger Brigade, a penal military unit of Hitler’s Waffen-SS during World War II. Dirlewanger ordered the massacre of children at an orphanage in Warsaw, Poland.
Patriot Front: Patriot Front is a Texas-headquartered white nationalist group that was formed by Thomas Rousseau and former members of another extremist group, Vanguard America (VA), following the violence during the 2017 “Unite the Right” rally in Charlottesville, Virginia, after one of VA’s associates drove a car into protesters.
Robert E. Lee: The highest ranking Confederate military official.
Robert Jay Matthews: American neo-Nazi and leader of the white supremacist militant group The Order. The group committed several bank robberies, car heists, and murders.
Tesak: A prominent neo-Nazi activist in Russia known for his participation in the armed wings of neo-Nazi parties in the early 2000s and allegations of murders of minorities in the country.
William Luther Pierce: American neo-Nazi and author of The Turner Diaries, which inspired multiple terrorist attacks, including the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing. Pierce was also the founder of the neo-Nazi National Alliance.
References to Other Attacks:
Adam Lanza/Sandy Hook shooter: Individual who committed the 2012 Sandy Hook Elementary mass shooting in Newtown, Connecticut. In total, 27 people, 20 of whom were children, were murdered by Lanza before he took his own life.
Alek Minassian/Toronto Van Attacker: Perpetrator of the 2018 Toronto, Canada van attack, in which he killed eleven and injured 15 others. The attacker was driven by incel ideology.
Alexandre Bissonnette/Quebec City Mosque shooter: The perpetrator of the 2017 attacks on a mosque in Quebec City, Canada. Six people were killed and five others injured.
Anders Behring Breivik/Oslo, Norway, car bomber and shooter: Believer in the “Great Replacement” conspiracy theory and perpetrator of the 2011 car bombing and mass shooting in Oslo and Utøya, Norway. In total, 77 people were killed (43 of the fatalities were children) and over 243 were injured. A long manifesto written by Breivik claimed that he saw himself as a crusader against a Muslim invasion of Europe.
Anderson Lee Aldrich/Club Q shooter: Perpetrator of the anti-LGBTQ+ 2022 Club Q mass shooting in Colorado Springs, Colorado, in which five people were killed and 19 were injured.
Anton Pettersson/Trollhättan, Sweden, attacker: The perpetrator committed a mass stabbing at Kronan Primary school in 2015, killing three people and injuring two others. His online activity included websites that expressed support for neo-Nazism and anti-immigration rhetoric.
Arda Küçükyetim/Eskişehir Stabbing: The 18-year-old perpetrator stabbed five people at a mosque in Turkey, leaving two in critical condition. The attacker’s manifesto demonstrated clear influences of neo-Nazism.
Barend Strydom/Strijdom Square Shooter: The white supremacist perpetrator of the 1988 mass shooting in Pretoria, South Africa. Eight people were killed and 16 others injured during the attack.
Brenton Tarrant/Christchurch, N.Z., shooter: Perpetrator of the March 2019 attack at a mosque and an Islamic center in Christchurch, New Zealand. Tarrant killed 51 and injured 89 during the attack. His motivations were driven by white supremacy and beliefs in the “Great Replacement” conspiracy theory.
Derek Chauvin: A Minnesota police officer responsible for the murder of George Floyd, a Black man, in Minneapolis, Minnesota, on May 25, 2020. Chauvin was found guilty of second-degree murder, third-degree murder, and manslaughter.
Dylan Storm Roof/Charleston Church shooter: Neo-Nazi and perpetrator of the mass shooting at the Emanuel AME in Charleston, S.C., in 2015, in which the shooter targeted Black people. He murdered nine congregants attending a Bible study.
Elliot Rodger/Isla Vista, Calif., Attacker: Perpetrator of the 2014 Isla Vista attacks, in which he murdered six people and injured 14 others in a misogynistic spree of violence. The attack was aimed at punishing women who showed no romantic interest in him, and the men to whom they were attracted.
Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold/Columbine shooters: Perpetrators of the 1999 Columbine High School mass shooting. The shooters murdered 14 people and injured another 23.
Gabriel Rodrigues Castiglioni/Aracruz school shooter: The perpetrator of the 2022 spree shootings in Aracruz, Brazil. He murdered four people and injured eleven others. Castiglioni wore a homemade Nazi flag on his arm.
George Sodini/Collier Township Shooter: Perpetrator of the 2009 Collier Township shooting in an LA Fitness health club during a women’s aerobics class. The perpetrator killed three people and injured nine others. A blog belonging to Sodini detailed his resentment against women, who he blamed for rejecting him.
Hugo Jackson/Eslöv school stabber: Perpetrator of the 2021 stabbing at in Eslöv, Sweden. He stabbed and injured one person. Jackson had grown increasingly fascinated with neo-Nazi and white supremacist ideologies before the attack.
James Alex Fields Jr/Charlottesville, Virginia, vehicle attacker: Perpetrator of the 2017 white supremacist terrorist attack in which he drove his car into a crowd of people counter-protesting the Unite the Right (UTR) rally in Charlottesville, Virginia. One person lost their life as a result. Fields appeared at the protest with the white nationalist group American Vanguard, and was seen holding a shield handed out by the organization . After Field’s arrest, the group denied that he was a member.
James Holmes/Aurora, Colorado movie theater shooter: Perpetrator of the 2012 Century 16 movie theater mass shooting in Aurora, Colorado. In Holmes’ attack, 12 people were murdered and 70 others were injured.
James Oliver Huberty/San Ysidro McDonalds shooter: The perpetrator fatally shot 22 people and wounded another 19 others in 1984 at a McDonalds in San Diego, California.
Jamie Barrow: Individual who in 2022 killed his neighbors in Nottinghamshire, England after lighting their mailbox on fire. His neighbors, a mother and two daughters, were immigrants from Gambia.
John T. Earnest/Poway Synagogue shooter: Perpetrator of the 2019 shooting at a Poway, California, synagogue, which the gunman chose because he believed Jews were planning a “genocide” of Europeans. One person was murdered. He had earlier set an Escondido, California, mosque on fire.
Jonathan Sapirman/Greenwood Park Mall shooter: Perpetrator of the 2022 Greenwood Park Mall shooting in Greenwood, Indiana. Three people were killed during the attack. Sapirman had repeatedly expressed an interest in mass shooters and Nazi Germany.
Juraj Krajčik/Bratislava Shooter: Perpetrator of the 2022 attack in Bratislava, Slovakia, on a gay bar. Two people were killed.
Justin Bourque/Moncton, Canada, shooter: The perpetrator of the 2014 string of shootings in Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada. He shot five Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) officers.
Kyle Rittenhouse: Individual who gained national attention for shooting three men in Kenosha, Wisconsin amid the Black Lives Matter protests.
Luigi Mangione: Accused of committing the 2025 killing of Brian Thompson, CEO of UnitedHealthcare.
Marc Lépine/École Polytechnique shooter: Perpetrator of the 1989 École Polytechnique massacre in Montreal, Canada. He murdered 14 women, injuring another ten women and four men. He blamed women for ruining his life, and yelled “I hate feminists” during the attack.
Marvin Heemeyer/Killdozer: Former United States Air Force veteran who used a modified bulldozer to demolish buildings in Granby, Colorado. Heemeyer had grievances against his local government and other individuals in town whom he believed “wronged him.” The event is referred to in popular culture as “Killdozer.”
Matthew and Tyler Williams/Redding anti-LGBTQ+ attacker: White supremacist perpetrators of the Redding, California, murder of a gay couple in 1999.
Nathaniel Veltman/London, Ontario, truck attacker: The 20-year-old perpetrator of the 2021 London, Ontario, vehicular attack. The perpetrator rammed a pickup truck into a Muslim Pakistani-Canadian family, killing four and injuring one.
Oguzhan Sert/Toronto massage parlor attacker: Perpetrator of a 2020 attack at a Toronto, Canada, massage parlor, in which he murdered one employee with a sword. The sword had the words “THOT SLAYER” etched into it, “thot” being a word sometimes used as a slur against women. He also had a note which said “Long Live The Incel Rebellion.” The perpetrator’s name was never released due to his age.
Omar Mateen/Pulse Nightclub shooter: The perpetrator of an anti-LGBTQ+ mass shooting in 2016 at a gay nightclub in Florida. The shooter killed 49 people and injured another 58.
Patrick Wood Crusius/El Paso shooter: Perpetrator of the 2019 shooting at an El Paso, Texas, Walmart, which the gunman specifically chose in the hopes of finding a large population of Latin American immigrants. Twenty-three people were murdered during the attack.
Payton Gendron/Buffalo shooter: Perpetrator of a May 2022, shooting at a Buffalo, N.Y., grocery store. Ten people were killed with three others injured during the attack. The gunman was racist and antisemitic and believed in the Great Replacement.
Philip Manshaus/Bærum mosque shooter: In 2019, the perpetrator murdered his adopted sister and attempted to attack a mosque in Bærum, Norway, before being subdued by three elderly worshipers. The attack was inspired by the Christchurch mosque shootings.
Ralph Elrod Jr./Peach County, Georgia, shooter: Perpetrator of a shooting that killed two Peach County, Georgia, deputies in 2016.
Robert Bowers/Tree of Life Synagogue shooter: Perpetrator of the attack on the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 2018. Eleven people were murdered in the attack. Bowers had repeatedly posted antisemitic content online up until the shooting.
Ryan Christopher Palmeter/Jacksonville Dollar General shooter: Perpetrator of the 2023 shooting at a Jacksonville, Florida, Dollar General store. The shooting has been described as a terrorist attack and racially motivated. The gunman killed three Black people.
Seung-Hui Cho/Virginia Tech shooter: Perpetrator of the 2007 Virginia Tech mass shooting in Blacksburg, Virginia. Cho is a popular figure in both the True Crime Community and the incel community.
Solomon Henderson/Nashville School shooter: The perpetrator of the 2025 shooting at Antioch High School in Nashville, Tennessee. The shooter killed one and left two other students injured before committing suicide.
Stephan Balliet/Halle, Germany, Synagogue Attacker: Perpetrator of an attempted attack against a 2019 Yom Kippur event at a synagogue in Halle, Germany. Unable to enter the synagogue, the gunman murdered a passerby and a man in a kebab shop. In his manifesto, Balliet said he wanted to “kill as many anti-Whites as possible, Jews preferred.”
Ted Kaczynski/Unabomber: Perpetrator of a mail bombing campaign between 1978 and 1995, murdering three people and injuring 23 others.
Timofey Kulyamov/Uspenskaya Secondary School stabbing: The perpetrator of a stabbing attack at Uspenskaya Secondary School in Moscow, Russia, in December 2025. During the attack, a 15-year-old student fatally stabbed a 10-year-old and injured a security guard. The attacker was inspired by far-right mass murders and the Great Replacement conspiracy theory.
Timothy McVeigh/Oklahoma City Bomber: Perpetrator of the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing, killing 167 people and injuring another 684. McVeigh was heavily influenced by the white nationalist book The Turner Diaries, which includes a fictionalized bombing of FBI headquarters.
Timur Bekmansurov/Perm State University Shooter: Perpetrator of the 2021 mass shooting at Perm State University, Russia. Six people were killed and 47 others injured.
Wade Page/Oak Park, Wisconsin, Sikh Temple shooter: The perpetrator of the 2012 mass shooting at the Gurdwara in Oak Creek, Wisconsin. Page killed six people and injured four others, all Sikh. Page was a member of the neo-Nazi street gang, the Hammerskin Nation.
William Atchison/Aztec High School shooter: The perpetrator of the 2017 Aztec High School shooting in Aztec, New Mexico. Atchison was fascinated with other mass shooters as well as Nazi Germany. He made numerous posts online supporting white supremacy.
Yukio Mishima: A japanese novelist who formed a private militia and unsuccessfully attempted a coup d’etat in 1970.
